This article discusses agricultural commercialization in Ethiopia and its impact on household income and development. Agricultural commercialization refers to the increase in agricultural output sold on the market instead of being consumed at home. The study found that there is a continuous distribution of farmers from those who do not sell any of their crop production to those who sell all their production, and virtually all rural households purchase food to supplement their own production. The study also found that agricultural commercialization has increased between 2012 and 2019, with the marketed share of crop production increasing by 6 to 10 percentage points. However, female-headed households, poor households, and those in low-rainfall areas are being left behind in this trend. The study also found that farm size, distance to the nearest road, and household wealth are strong predictors of the level of commercialization of a household.